The Serissa bonsai, also known as Serissa foetida or Snow Rose, is a popular choice for bonsai enthusiasts due to its beautiful flowers, fine ramification, and rough grey bark. While it is an attractive addition to any collection, it requires careful care and is better suited for experienced growers due to its sensitivity to changes in location and temperature.
Placement
Outdoor Placement during the growing season
The Serissa bonsai prefers a sunny and wind-protected outdoor area during the growing season. This allows the tree to receive ample sunlight and protection from harsh winds. It is important to note that night temperatures should remain above 50°F (10°C) as the Serissa cannot tolerate drastic temperature drops.
Indoor Placement during autumn to spring
During autumn to spring, the Serissa bonsai should be placed indoors or in a heated conservatory. The ideal temperature range for the tree during this period is between 50°F (10°C) and 68°F (20°C). The warmer the position, the more light it needs. You can use grow lights to provide adequate light if necessary.
High humidity
High humidity is beneficial for the Serissa bonsai. It can be achieved through misting the tree or using humidity trays. These help create a suitable environment for the tree to thrive, as it is native to tropical and subtropical regions.
Watering
Keeping the rootball moist
The rootball of the Serissa bonsai should be kept moist at all times, but make sure not to overwater it. The tree should never be allowed to dry out completely, as this can cause damage to the delicate roots.
Adjusting watering based on leaf dropping
If the Serissa bonsai drops its leaves due to changes in growing conditions, the watering should be slightly decreased. This helps prevent overwatering and allows the tree to adjust to its new environment.
Water pH and type
The Serissa bonsai prefers water with a neutral pH value (7). It is important to water the tree with non-calcareous water to avoid any mineral buildup in the soil, which can be harmful to the bonsai.
Spray foliage with lime-free water
When the Serissa bonsai is not flowering, it is recommended to frequently spray the foliage with lime-free water. This helps maintain the desired level of humidity for the tree and prevents the leaves from drying out.
Fertilizing
Fertilizing during the growing season
During the growing season, which is typically spring and summer, you can apply solid organic fertilizer to the Serissa bonsai every four weeks. Additionally, you can use liquid fertilizer with a low concentration on a weekly basis. It is important to use a balanced N-P-K ratio fertilizer to provide the necessary nutrients for healthy growth.
Fertilizing in winter
In winter, when the Serissa bonsai is kept in a warm place, you can fertilize it once a month with a low dose of liquid fertilizer. This helps support the tree’s growth during this period.
Not fertilizing unhealthy or non-growing trees
It is important to note that unhealthy or non-growing Serissa bonsai should not be fertilized. Fertilizer is intended to support growth, so using it on a tree that is not in good health may further stress the tree.
Pruning and Wiring
Hard pruning in early spring
The Serissa bonsai can tolerate hard pruning, which should be done in early spring if necessary. This allows the tree to develop a compact and desirable shape.
Trimming young trees
For young Serissa bonsai trees, it is advisable to trim back the shoots to 2 leaves when they have produced 4-5 leaves. This helps promote a compact and well-ramified structure.
Pruning older trees
Older Serissa bonsai trees require less frequent pruning as long as they are flowering. However, after flowering, thorough pruning is recommended to maintain their shape and encourage new growth.
Cutting back branches and shoots
Every two or three years, you should cut back branches and shoots to old wood to maintain a compact tree shape. This encourages the development of new shoots and maintains the bonsai’s overall structure.
Wiring guidelines
Wiring can be done at any time for the Serissa bonsai, but care must be taken as the branches and shoots are delicate. The wire should be removed after approximately six months to prevent damage to the bark.
Repotting
Repotting frequency and soil mix
The Serissa bonsai should be repotted every two years using a standard bonsai soil mix. This helps refresh the soil and provides the necessary nutrients for the tree’s growth. The soil mix should have good drainage properties to prevent waterlogged roots.
Pruning the roots
During repotting, it is important to prune the roots of the Serissa bonsai moderately. This helps prevent them from becoming too crowded within the pot and allows for the development of new fine feeder roots. Note that the roots of the Serissa tree have an unpleasant smell when cut.
Propagation
The Serissa bonsai can be easily propagated from semi-hardwood cuttings. This method involves taking healthy cuttings from the tree and rooting them in a suitable growing medium. With proper care and attention, these cuttings can develop into new Serissa bonsai trees.
Pests and Diseases
Common pests
Common pests that may attack the Serissa bonsai include aphids, root aphids, and spider mites. These pests can cause damage to the foliage and overall health of the tree if not properly controlled.
Pest control
To control pest infestations, specific pesticides can be used. It is important to follow the instructions on the pesticide packaging and apply it as directed. Additionally, increasing humidity levels can help discourage pests from taking hold on the bonsai.
Root rot
Overwatering or poor soil drainage can lead to root rot in the Serissa bonsai. If you notice symptoms such as yellowing leaves, stunted growth, or foul odor from the soil, it is important to take immediate action. Re-potting the tree with fresh, well-draining soil and removing damaged roots can help save the bonsai.
Conclusion
The Serissa bonsai requires special care and attention to its placement, watering, fertilizing, pruning, and repotting. It is important to monitor for pests and diseases and take appropriate measures to control them. Experienced growers are better equipped to handle the specific needs of the Serissa bonsai, but with dedication and proper care, anyone can enjoy the beauty and elegance of this remarkable bonsai tree.